Last year was one that saw Germany’s economic performance consistently exceed expectations. The start of 2017 saw the majority of economists predicting around 1.4 percent growth in gross domestic product (GDP) for the year.
The European debt crisis demonstrated not only the fragility of the bloc to external shocks, but it also showcased the glaring inequality within the European nations. It was a reminder that the impact falling across the Eurozone is not only severe but also unequal.
On June 8, the European Central Bank (ECB) began its Corporate Sector Purchase Programme (CSPP), which was initially announced by the bank’s president, Mario Draghi, on March 10 as an addendum to the ECB’s quantitative easing (QE) program.
Earlier this year, the European Central Bank (ECB) decided to cut its deposit rate to -0.4 percent and its benchmark refinancing rate to zero.
Government control over enterprises is widespread across the world. While the early economic literature, following Atkinson and Stiglitz (1980), argues that state ownership is a second-best optimal policy to overcome market failure,